Kebabs, Aromatic Biryani and a World More: A Historic Indian City Gains Recognition on the UNESCO Creative Cities List.

Biryani cooking using the classic Dum method
Biryani in Lucknow is cooked on a gentle, slow heat, with the pot's lid securely closed with dough.

Tempting kebabs, fragrant biryani, and fluffy, ethereal desserts.

The metropolis in India's north of Lucknow has forever been a food lovers' paradise, with locals and travelers alike swearing by its exquisite cuisine.

An International Accolade

In a recent announcement, The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization honored it as a UNESCO Creative City for Gastronomy – including it in a prestigious group of world cities and kindling hopes that it will spotlight Lucknow's sublime food. With this title, it enters a international community of more than four hundred metropolises across more than 100 countries committed to promoting "innovation as a driver of city development that is sustainable".

The recognition "is a testament to its profound gastronomic legacy and vibrant food ecosystem," as stated by a official from Unesco's regional bureau for South Asia.

Lucknow is just the second Indian city – after Hyderabad, which was chosen in 2019 – to find a place in this prestigious list of 70 global destinations internationally.

An Urban Center with a Culinary Soul

The accolade for this historic city is little surprise to its inhabitants or avid food lovers. Many share the view that it is "a recognition that was delayed".

With the UNESCO designation, this adored, chaotic, and vibrant city – the capital of India's biggest state – is at last in the global gaze for what has always defined its soul: an immense devotion for food.

"'What will be cooked, how will it be cooked' is a continued dialogue from waking up until going to bed in many homes," notes a local cultural expert. "And you are often assessed by the excellence of food that is produced in your kitchen."
Tender kebabs as a dish
Lucknow is celebrated for its succulent kebabs.

An Imperial Food Tradition

The City of Nawabs – as it's widely known after its 18th and 19th Century opulent Muslim rulers – is famed for its succulent kebabs and a unique take on biryani that were created, refined, and raised to extraordinary levels in their opulent kitchens.

These kitchens of the nobility were epicenters of food experimentation, merging Persian and native Indian styles to create what became known as the culinary tradition of Awadh.

It was in this era that Lucknow's most famous kebabs were fashioned. As the tale is told that the galouti kebab was invented to feed an ageing nawab who had lost his teeth. His chefs ground the meat with raw papaya, kesar, and spices and made it so silky that it required no chewing.

But perhaps the biggest contribution of the chefs of Awadh was the slow-cooking Dum pukht technique, where food is cooked on a low, slow heat, with the pot's lid securely closed with dough.

More Than Just Famous Dishes

Apart from the well-known kebabs and biryani, the cooks also developed a repertoire of dishes that included kormas (rich curries), sheermal (saffron-infused flatbread), and shahi tukda (a decadent bread pudding).

However, Lucknow is not just about kebabs and biryani – the region is additionally a dream for plant-based eaters.

The local traditionally vegetarian community's cuisine doesn't just highlights fresh harvests but also provides the city its meticulously prepared Indian desserts, sweets, and unique street food, like chaat – tangy fried snacks.

Frothy dessert a winter specialty
The city showcases distinctive treats for the season, such as Makkhan Malai, a special airy dessert, when it gets cold.

Hidden Gems and Legacy Eateries

Virtually on every corner, there are small establishments and carts – little-known gems that are extremely loved by the locals.

In the heart of the city of Hazratganj, throngs of people start assembling from the crack of dawn at a legendary tea stall to get a piping hot cup of milky masala chai, presented in clay glasses, along with pillowy soft buns slathered with hand-churned white butter.

In the morning, one can visit a unpretentious joint located in the old city area of Aminabad. Nearly 150 years after it was founded, the place is still highly popular for its hot kachoris (fried bread stuffed with lentils) and jalebis (crispy, syrup-soaked sweets).

Iconic tea stall offering masala chai
A legendary tea stall is known for its milky masala chai.

Safeguarding a Culinary Heritage

The city also offers special seasonal delights, such as makkhan malai, a frothy dessert found in the winter. The process of making it is scientific and involved. The artisan whisks the milk and then sets it out at night, allowing the nighttime moisture to give it its unique frothy texture.

On crisp mornings, street vendors are often seen in historic neighborhoods like Aminabad and Chowk. Many however say that their children are reluctant to take up the art.

A well-known culinary expert from Lucknow has often said that the city's rich food legacy positions it right on top of the Indian street food experience. The true benefit from the UNESCO recognition, it is believed, will materialize only if Lucknow can now generate interest about its hidden eateries.

Every dish in Lucknow has a narrative – shaped by family-run food businesses, from humble street carts to bustling restaurants, and guarded family recipes.

The worldwide honor, it is anticipated, will motivate more people globally to discover these stories and travel to the city to delight in the food wonders of Lucknow.

Jessica Diaz
Jessica Diaz

A tech enthusiast and digital strategist with over a decade of experience in analyzing emerging technologies and their impact on society.